Mobile networks are changing and incorporating new services continuously. The Telecommunication industry in East Malaysia is still under progressing mode. The terrain and tropical rainforest conditions are the biggest challenge to design a good telecommunication infrastructure in Sarawak. This might be the reason that the service level figures are even poorer in Sarawak and the demand on mobile networks in Sarawak is comparatively high. This paper contains a performance evaluation of mobile telecommunication infrastructure in Kuching. The research has focused on propagation issues and the findings are the result of several propagation tests that in various propagation conditions. Since the paper has been written for research purposes, the vendors’ names in the study are not disclosed and are referred to as Provider A, B, and C. At the time of this research, only two vendors offered 4G services in Kuching.

This paper solves a nonlinear fractional programming problem in which the coefficients of the objective function and constraints are interval parameters. Methodology is developed to transform the model into a general optimization problem, which is free from interval uncertainty. Relation between the original problem and the transformed problem is established. Finally, the proposed methodology is explained through a numerical example.

The high failure rates in mathematics courses have been a concerning matter in each semester at private universities. Studies about determining the causes of low mathematics achievement are very limited. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect low achievement in mathematics. In order to achieve this purpose, factor analysis was conducted to capture the potential factors which may affect achievement. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors that significantly affect the achievement in mathematics. A total of 111 students who enrolled in mathematics courses participated in the survey. This study revealed that one of the significant causes of low mathematics achievement is students’ educational background. Students who were not from science stream are at a disadvantage in achieving good performance in mathematics. Other factors of low mathematics achievement include race, age and students’ valuing of the importance of mathematics. One of the implications discussed in this paper is that mathematics educators must have several effective teaching strategies that suit students’ learning needs especially non-Chinese and older students. Such strategies might help educators achieve the desired learning outcomes and reduce failure rates.